The generalized Morse wavelets are shown to constitute a superfamily that
essentially encompasses all other commonly used analytic wavelets. Details of
the time/frequency concentration, frequency-domain symmetry, and Gaussianity of
these wavelets are investigated. The generalized Morse wavelets are controlled
by two parameters, one determining the Fourier-domain bandwidth, and the
second, called $\gamma$, determining the lowest-order departure of the wavelet
from a Gaussian form.
The generalizations of instantaneous frequency and instantaneous bandwidth to
a bivariate signal are derived. These are uniquely defined whether the signal
is represented as a pair of real-valued signals, or as one analytic and one
anti-analytic signal. A nonstationary but oscillatory bivariate signal has a
natural representation as an ellipse whose properties evolve in time, and this
representation provides a simple geometric interpretation for the bivariate
instantaneous moments.
The concept of a common modulated oscillation spanning multiple time series
is formalized, a method for the recovery of such a signal from potentially
noisy observations is proposed, and the time-varying bias properties of the
recovery method are derived. The method, an extension of wavelet ridge analysis
to the multivariate case, identifies the common oscillation by seeking, at each
point in time, a frequency for which a bandpassed version of the signal obtains
a local maximum in power.
High angular resolution diffusion imaging data is the observed characteristic
function for the local diffusion of water molecules in tissue. This data is
used to infer structural information in brain imaging. Non-parametric scalar
measures are proposed to summarize such data, and to locally characterize
spatial features of the diffusion probability density function (PDF), relying
on the geometry of the characteristic function. Summary statistics are defined
so that their distributions are, to first order, both independent of nuisance
parameters and also analytically tractable.
An exact and general expression for the analytic wavelet transform of a
real-valued signal is constructed, resolving the time-dependent effects of
non-negligible amplitude and frequency modulation. The analytic signal is first
locally represented as a modulated oscillation, demodulated by its own
instantaneous frequency, and then Taylor-expanded at each point in time. The
terms in this expansion, called the instantaneous modulation functions, are
time-varying functions which quantify, at increasingly higher orders, the local
departures of the signal from a uniform sinusoidal oscillation.
This paper proposes a new estimation procedure for the ambiguity function of
a non-stationary time series. The stochastic properties of the empirical
ambiguity function calculated from a single sample in time are derived.
Different thresholding procedures are introduced for the estimation of the
ambiguity function. Such estimation methods are suitable if the ambiguity
function is only non-negligible in a limited region of the ambiguity plane.