This paper highlights the role of risk neutral investors in generating
endogenous bubbles in derivatives markets. We propose the following theorem. A
market for derivatives, which has all the features of a perfect market except
completeness and has some risk neutral investors, may exhibit almost surely
extreme price movements which represent a violation to the Gaussian random walk
hypothesis. This can be viewed as a paradox because it contradicts wide-held
conjectures about prices in informationally efficient markets with rational
investors.
This research presents an analysis of the demographic risk related to future
membership patterns in pension funds with restricted entrance, financed under a
pay-as-you-go scheme. The paper, therefore, proposes a stochastic model for
investigating the behaviour of the demographic variable "new entrants" and the
influence it exerts on the financial dynamics of such funds. Further
information on pension funds of Italian professional categories and an
application to the Cassa Nazionale di Previdenza e Assistenza dei Dottori
Commercialisti (CNPADC) are then provided.