We consider abstract non-negative self-adjoint operators on $L^2(X)$ which
satisfy the finite speed propagation property for the corresponding wave
equation. For such operators we introduce a restriction type condition which in
the case of the standard Laplace operator is equivalent to $(p,2)$ restriction
estimate of Stein and Tomas. Next we show that in the considered abstract
setting our restriction type condition implies sharp spectral multipliers and
endpoint estimates for the Bochner-Riesz summability.
The classical Stein-Tomas restriction theorem is equivalent to the statement
that the spectral measure $dE(\lambda)$ of the square root of the Laplacian on
$\RR^n$ is bounded from $L^p(\RR^n)$ to $L^{p'}(\RR^n)$ for $1 \leq p \leq
2(n+1)/(n+3)$, where $p'$ is the conjugate exponent to $p$, with operator norm
scaling as $\lambda^{n(1/p - 1/p') - 1}$.
Let $L$ be a non-negative self adjoint operator acting on $L^2(X)$ where $X$
is a space of homogeneous type. Assume that $L$ generates a holomorphic
semigroup $e^{-tL}$ whose kernels $p_t(x,y)$ have Gaussian upper bounds but
possess no regularity in variables $x$ and $y$. In this article, we study
weighted $L^p$-norm inequalities for spectral multipliers of $L$. We show sharp
weighted H\"ormander-type spectral multiplier theorems follow from Gaussian
heat kernel bounds and appropriate $L^2$ estimates of the kernels of the
spectral multipliers.
Let $\Omega$ be an open subset of $\Ri^d$ and
$H_\Omega=-\sum^d_{i,j=1}\partial_i c_{ij} \partial_j$ a second-order partial
differential operator on $L_2(\Omega)$ with domain $C_c^\infty(\Omega)$ where
the coefficients $c_{ij}\in W^{1,\infty}(\Omega)$ are real symmetric and
$C=(c_{ij})$ is a strictly positive-definite matrix over $\Omega$.
In particular, $H_\Omega$ is locally strongly elliptic.
We show that the $L^p$ boundedness, $p>2$, of the Riesz transform on a
complete non-compact Riemannian manifold with upper and lower Gaussian heat
kernel estimates is equivalent to a certain form of Sobolev inequality. We also
characterize in such terms the heat kernel gradient upper estimate on manifolds
with polynomial growth.
Let $H$ be the symmetric second-order differential operator on $L_2(\Ri)$
with domain $C_c^\infty(\Ri)$ and action $H\varphi=-(c \varphi')'$ where $ c\in
W^{1,2}_{\rm loc}(\Ri)$ is a real function which is strictly positive on
$\Ri\backslash\{0\}$ but with $c(0)=0$. We give a complete characterization of
the self-adjoint extensions and the submarkovian extensions of $H$.