Given two simplicial complexes in R^d, and start and end vertices in each
complex, we show how to compute curves (in each complex) between these
vertices, such that the Fr\'echet distance between these curves is minimized.
As a polygonal curve is a complex, this generalizes the regular notion of weak
Fr\'echet distance between curves. We also generalize the algorithm to handle
an input of k simplicial complexes.
In this paper we present several results on the expected complexity of a
convex hull of $n$ points chosen uniformly and independently from a convex
shape.
(i) We show that the expected number of vertices of the convex hull of $n$
points, chosen uniformly and independently from a disk is $O(n^{1/3})$, and
$O(k \log{n})$ for the case a convex polygon with $k$ sides. Those results are
well known (see \cite{rs-udkhv-63,r-slcdn-70,ps-cgi-85}), but we believe that
the elementary proof given here are simpler and more intuitive.
We study the problem of discrete geometric packing. Here, given weighted
regions (say in the plane) and points (with capacities), one has to pick a
maximum weight subset of the regions such that no point is covered more than
its capacity. We provide a general framework and an algorithm for approximating
the optimal solution for packing in hypergraphs arising out of such geometric
settings. Using this framework we get a flotilla of results on this problem
(and also on its dual, where one wants to pick a maximum weight subset of the
points when the regions have capacities).
The dissimilarity of two polygonal curves can be measured using the Fr\'echet
distance. We introduce the notion of a more robust Fr\'echet distance, where
one is allowed to shortcut between vertices of one of the curves. This is a
natural approach for handling noise, in particular batched outliers. We compute
a constant factor approximation to the minimum Fr\'echet distance over all
possible shortcut curves. Our algorithm is simple and runs in time O(c k^2 n
log^4 n) if one is allowed to take at most k shortcuts and the input curves are
c-packed.
We study the Approximate Nearest Neighbor problem for a metric space when the
data points can be arbitrary but the query point is constrained to a subspace
of low doubling dimension.
We present simple and practical $(1+\eps)$-approximation algorithm for the
Frechet distance between curves. To analyze this algorithm we introduce a new
realistic family of curves, $c$-packed curves, that is closed under
simplification. We believe the notion of $c$-packed curves to be of independent
interest. We show that our algorithm has near linear running time for
$c$-packed curves, and show similar results for other input models.
We re-examine the notion of relative $(p,\eps)$-approximations, recently
introduced in [CKMS06], and establish upper bounds on their size, in general
range spaces of finite VC-dimension, using the sampling theory developed in
[LLS01] and in several earlier studies [Pol86, Hau92, Tal94]. We also survey
the different notions of sampling, used in computational geometry, learning,
and other areas, and show how they relate to each other. We then give
constructions of smaller-size relative $(p,\eps)$-approximations for range
spaces that involve points and halfspaces in two and higher dimensions.
We survey several results known on sampling in computational geometry.