We prove the following. For any complex valued $L^2$-function $b(x)$ the
spectrum of a perturbed harmonic oscillator operator $L = -\frac{d^2}{dx^2} +
x^2 + b(x)$ in $L^2(\mathbb{R}^1)$ is discrete and eventually simple. Its SEAF
(system of eigen- and associated functions) is an unconditional basis in
$L^2(\mathbb{R}^1)$.
We consider the Hill operator $$ Ly = - y^{\prime \prime} + v(x)y, \quad 0
\leq x \leq \pi, $$ subject to periodic or antiperiodic boundary conditions,
with potentials $v$ which are trigonometric polynomials with nonzero
coefficients, of the form
(i) $ ae^{-2ix} +be^{2ix}; $
(ii) $ ae^{-2ix} +Be^{4ix}; $
(iii) $ ae^{-2ix} +Ae^{-4ix} + be^{2ix} +Be^{4ix}. $