Until recently, techniques for obtaining lower bounds for kernelization were
one of the most sought after tools in the field of parameterized complexity.
Now, after a strong influx of techniques, we are in the fortunate situation of
having tools available that are even stronger than what has been required in
their applications so far. Based on a result of Fortnow and Santhanam (JCSS
2011), Bodlaender et al.
The Odd Cycle Transversal problem (OCT) asks whether a given graph can be
made bipartite (i.e., 2-colorable) by deleting at most l vertices. We study
structural parameterizations of OCT with respect to their polynomial
kernelizability, i.e., whether instances can be efficiently reduced to a size
polynomial in the chosen parameter. It is a major open problem in parameterized
complexity whether Odd Cycle Transversal admits a polynomial kernel when
parameterized by l.
A parameterized problem consists of a classical problem and an additional
component, the so-called parameter. This point of view allows a formal
definition of preprocessing: Given a parameterized instance (I,k), a polynomial
kernelization computes an equivalent instance (I',k') of size and parameter
bounded by a polynomial in k. We give a complete classification of Min Ones
Constraint Satisfaction problems, i.e., Min Ones SAT(\Gamma), with respect to
admitting or not admitting a polynomial kernelization (unless NP \subseteq
coNP/poly). For this we introduce the notion of mergeability.