Credit networks represent a way of modeling trust between entities in a
network. Nodes in the network print their own currency and trust each other for
a certain amount of each other's currency. This allows the network to serve as
a decentralized payment infrastructure---arbitrary payments can be routed
through the network by passing IOUs between trusting nodes in their respective
currencies---and obviates the need for a common currency. Nodes can repeatedly
transact with each other and pay for the transaction using trusted currency.
Similarity search methods are widely used as kernels in various machine
learning applications. Nearest neighbor search (NNS) algorithms are often used
to retrieve similar entries, given a query. While there exist efficient
techniques for exact query lookup using hashing, similarity search using exact
nearest neighbors is known to be a hard problem and in high dimensions, best
known solutions offer little improvement over a linear scan.
We study the single-sink buy-at-bulk problem with an unknown cost function.
We want to route flow from a set of demand nodes to a root node, where the cost
of routing x total flow along an edge is proportional to f(x) for some concave,
non-decreasing function f satisfying f(0)=0. We present a simple, fast,
deterministic, combinatorial algorithm that takes a set of demands and
constructs a single tree T such that for all f the cost f(T) is a
49.48-approximation of the optimal cost for that f.
In this paper we consider the well-studied problem of finding a perfect
matching in a d-regular bipartite graph on 2n nodes with m=nd edges. The
best-known algorithm for general bipartite graphs (due to Hopcroft and Karp)
takes time O(m\sqrt{n}). In regular bipartite graphs, however, a matching is
known to be computable in O(m) time (due to Cole, Ost and Schirra). In a recent
line of work by Goel, Kapralov and Khanna the O(m) time algorithm was improved
first to \tilde O(min{m, n^{2.5}/d}) and then to \tilde O(min{m, n^2/d}).
We consider the single-source (or single-sink) buy-at-bulk problem with an
unknown concave cost function. We want to route a set of demands along a graph
to or from a designated root node, and the cost of routing x units of flow
along an edge is proportional to some concave, non-decreasing function f such
that f(0) = 0. We present a polynomial time algorithm that finds a distribution
over trees such that the expected cost of a tree for any f is within an
O(1)-factor of the optimum cost for that f.