Roberts, Freudenburg, and Daigle and Freudenburg have given the smallest
counterexamples to Hilbert's fourteenth problem as rings of invariants of
algebraic groups. Each is of an action of the additive group on a finite
dimensional vector space over a field of characteristic zero, and thus, each is
the kernel of a locally nilpotent derivation. In positive characteristic,
additive group actions correspond to locally finite iterative higher
derivations.
This article presents a theory of modules with iterative connection. This
theory is a generalisation of the theory of modules with connection in
characteristic zero to modules over rings of arbitrary characteristic. We show
that these modules with iterative connection (and also the modules with
integrable iterative connection) form a Tannakian category, assuming some nice
properties for the underlying ring, and we show how this generalises to modules
over schemes. We also relate these notions to stratifications on modules, as
introduced by A.
This article is concerned with Galois theory for iterative differential
fields (ID-fields) in positive characteristic. More precisely, we consider
purely inseparable Picard-Vessiot extensions, because these are the ones having
an infinitesimal group scheme as iterative differential Galois group. In this
article we prove a necessary and sufficient condition to decide whether an
infinitesimal group scheme occurs as Galois group scheme of a Picard-Vessiot
extension over a given ID-field or not. In particular, this solves the inverse
ID-Galois problem for infinitesimal group schemes.
This article is concerned with Galois theory for iterative differential
fields (ID-fields) in positive characteristic. More precisely, we consider
purely inseparable Picard-Vessiot extensions, because these are the ones having
an infinitesimal group scheme as iterative differential Galois group. In this
article we prove a necessary and sufficient condition to decide whether an
infinitesimal group scheme occurs as Galois group scheme of a Picard-Vessiot
extension over a given ID-field or not. In particular, this solves the inverse
ID-Galois problem for infinitesimal group schemes.