Statistical analysis of max-stable processes used to model spatial extremes
has been limited by the difficulty in calculating the joint likelihood
function. This precludes all standard likelihood-based approaches, including
Bayesian approaches. In this paper we present a Bayesian approach through the
use of approximate Bayesian computing. This circumvents the need for a joint
likelihood function by instead relying on simulations from the (unavailable)
likelihood. This method is compared with an alternative approach based on the
composite likelihood.
We consider pricing weather derivatives for use as protection against weather
extremes. The method described utilizes results from spatial statistics and
extreme value theory to first model extremes in the weather as a max-stable
process, and then use these models to simulate payments for a general
collection of weather derivatives. These simulations capture the spatial
dependence of payments. Incorporating results from catastrophe ratemaking, we
show how this method can be used to compute risk loads and premiums for weather
derivatives which are renewal-additive.