We review some recent results in digital geometry obtained by using a
combinatorics on words approach to discrete geometry. Motivated on the one hand
by the well-known theory of Sturmian words which model conveniently discrete
lines in the plane, and on the other hand by the development of digital
geometry, this study reveals strong links between the two fields. Discrete
figures are identified with polyominoes encoded by words. The combinatorial
tools lead to elegant descriptions of geometrical features and efficient
algorithms.