Let $\gamma'_s(G)$ be the signed edge domination number of G. In 2006, Xu
conjectured that: for any $2$-connected graph G of order $ n (n \geq 2),$
$\gamma'_s(G)\geq 1$. In this article we show that this conjecture is not true.
More precisely, we show that for any positive integer $m$, there exists an
$m$-connected graph $G$ such that $ \gamma'_s(G)\leq -\frac{m}{6}|V(G)|.$ Also
for every two natural numbers $m$ and $n$, we determine $\gamma'_s(K_{m,n})$,
where $K_{m,n}$ is the complete bipartite graph with part sizes $m$ and $n$.
We introduce a $2$-approximation algorithm for the minimum total covering
number problem.
For natural numbers $n$ and $k$ ($n > 2k$), a generalized Petersen graph
$P(n,k)$, is defined by vertex set $\lbrace u_i,v_i\rbrace$ and edge set
$\lbrace u_iu_{i+1},u_iv_i,v_iv_{i+k}\rbrace$; where $i = 1,2,\dots,n$ and
subscripts are reduced modulo $n$. Here first, we characterize minimum vertex
covers in generalized Petersen graphs. Second, we present a lower bound and
some upper bounds for $\beta(P(n,k))$, the size of minimum vertex cover of
$P(n,k)$. Third, in some cases, we determine the exact values of
$\beta(P(n,k))$.
In this note, we study the behavior of independent sets of maximum
probability measure in tensor graph powers. To do this, we introduce an upper
bound using measure preserving homomorphisms. This work extends some previous
results about independence ratios of tensor graph powers.