The [ISO 1101] standard specifies the form errors with geometrical tolerances
using the zone concept.To complete this concept, we present a generic method
which adapts to any geometry and allows to describe any kind of errors. Thus,we
can dissociate the part errors according to reference categories: position,
orientation,form, waviness and roughnesses. Starting from a cloud of poinds
representing the error measurement, the "modal" method decompose, like Fourier
series,this error in a sum of sorted errors according to the ircomplexity
degree (a number of "wavinesses").
The tolerancing process links the virtual and the real worlds. From the
former, tolerances define a variational geometrical language (geometric
parameters). From the latter, there are values limiting those parameters. The
beginning of a tolerancing process is in this duality.
Tolerancing of assembly mechanisms is a major interest in the product life
cycle. One can distinguish several models with growing complexity, from
1-dimensional (1D) to 3-dimensional (3D) (including form deviations), and two
main tolerancing assumptions, the worst case and the statistical hypothesis.
This paper presents an approach to 3D statistical tolerancing using a new
acceptance criterion. Our approach is based on the 1D inertial acceptance
criterion that is extended to 3D and form acceptance.
This work is a development from the Inetforsmep European project. We proposed
to realize a global optimization of a deep drawing industrial progression (made
of several stages) for a cup manufacture. The objectives of the process were
the thickness decrease and the geometrical parameters (especially the height).
This paper improves on this previous work in the aim of mastering the contour
error. From the optimal configuration, we expect to cut down the amount of the
needed material and the number of forming operations.
Traditional tolerancing considers the conformity of a batch when the batch
satisfies the specifications. The characteristic is considered for itself and
not according to its incidence in the assembly. Inertial tolerancing proposes
another alternative of tolerancing in order to guarantee the final assembly
characteristic. The inertia I2 = \sqrt{\delta^2 + \sigma^2} is not toleranced
by a tolerance interval but by a scalar representing the maximum inertia that
the characteristic should not exceed.